The loud puffing and wheezing in the Sawmill from Rafz ZH (691)can be heard from a long way off. The regular rhythmic noise of the machine is an almost daily feature at the Ballenberg Open-Air Museum when the sawyers start it up and begin sawing wood the old way. The drive mechanism is a showpiece in itself. The power is delivered by an overshot water wheel. The water shoots out of the channel from above, falls on to the wheel blades and sets the wheel in motion. The drive power is transmitted to the frame saw in several stages by means of giant cog wheels and transmission belts.

Hans Nyffenegger is one of the sawyers at Ballenberg. He is well acquainted with the 115-year-old machine, a so-called single-gate saw, which he closes down for winter at the end of the season and starts up again in the following spring. He loves showing visitors what the machine is capable of doing. He is particularly proud of the end result of his work. “We use 80 to 90 % of the boards sawn for renovation work here in the museum. The remainder are sold,” says Hans Nyffenegger. Depending on the type of wood, the depth of cut and the sharpness of the saw, it takes from 10 to 30 minutes for the blade to eat it way through a tree trunk.
The work in the sawmill is hot and heavy. Stripping the bark off the round trunk, and heaving and stacking the planks is all part of the job. Experience teaches one how to spend one’s strength sparingly. Hans Nyffenegger is a trained sawyer and comes from generations of sawyers. That’s why he has an instinctive feel for many of the manipulations and techniques involved. He can judge by ear, for instance, the rate at which he must feed the wood into the saw. Sharpening the saw blades, something which has to be done after every four or five half-day sessions, also requires great sensitivity of touch.
Ballenberg
Swiss Open-Air Museum
Museumsstrasse 100
CH-3858 Hofstetten bei Brienz
Opening hours
9 April to 1 November 2026
10 am to 5 pm daily
Opening hours Administration
8 am to 6 pm daily